diff --git a/theory/SPH/Derivation/sph_derivation.tex b/theory/SPH/Derivation/sph_derivation.tex index 5f514309494efd0c31254f10aab78b757201a632..c770035df6050afe836d943dbe6538d4eafc262b 100644 --- a/theory/SPH/Derivation/sph_derivation.tex +++ b/theory/SPH/Derivation/sph_derivation.tex @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ The following derivation is underpinned by the idea of there being two independent ways of defining the volume associated with a particle in SPH. The first is the volume associated with the thermodynamical system ($\Delta V$), from the first law of thermodynamics, and the second being the volume around the -particle in which we conserve an effective neighbor number ($\Delta \tilde{V}$). +particle in which we conserve an effective neighbour number ($\Delta \tilde{V}$). These two need not necessarily be linked in any way. We begin with the SPH lagragian, @@ -23,21 +23,22 @@ and the first law of thermodynamics, \label{eqn:sph:derivation:firstlaw} \end{align} where $\mathbf{q} = (\mathbf{r}_1, ..., \mathbf{r}_N, h_i, ..., h_N)$ are the -generalised coordinates of the particles. This gives the first concept of -`volume' that the particles occupy. +generalised coordinates of the particles, and the derivative of the internal +energy $u_i$ is taken at fixed entropy $A$. This gives the first concept of +`volume' $\Delta V_i$ that the particles occupy. As mentioned earlier, the particles also have a volume associated with the -spread of their neighbors and hence their smoothing length. We can write this as +spread of their neighbours and hence their smoothing length. We can write this as a constraint equation, \begin{align} \phi_i(\mathbf{q}) = \kappa h_i^{n_d} \frac{1}{\Delta \tilde{V}} - N_{ngb} = 0, \label{eqn:sph:derivation:constraint} \end{align} -where $N_{ngb}$ is the effecitve neighbor number, $\kappa$ is a constant that -depends on the volume element ($\kappa_{3D} = 4\pi/3$), and $n_d$ is the number -of spatial dimensions considered in the problem. It is important to note that -$N_{ngb}$ need not be an integer quantity. +where $N_{ngb}$ is the effecitve neighbour number, $\kappa$ is the volume of +the unit sphere ($\kappa_{3D} = 4\pi/3$), and $n_d$ is the number of spatial +dimensions considered in the problem. It is important to note that $N_{ngb}$ +need not be an integer quantity. \subsection{Lagrange Multipliers} @@ -53,9 +54,8 @@ where the $\lambda_j$ are the lagrange multipliers. We use the second half of these equations (i.e. $q_i = h_i$) to constrain $\lambda_j$. The differentials with respect to the smoothing lengths: \begin{align} - \frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot{h}_i} = 0 -\end{align} -\begin{align} + \frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot{h}_i} = 0, + \quad \frac{\partial L}{\partial h_i} = -\sum^N_{j=1}m_j\frac{\partial u_j}{\partial h_i} = -m_i \frac{\partial u_i}{\partial h_i}. @@ -127,8 +127,7 @@ equations in \ref{eqn:sph:derivation:lmsum} ($q_i = \mathbf{r}_i$) can be used to find the equation of motion. The differentials are given as \begin{align} \frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot{\mathbf{r}}_i} = m_i \dot{\mathbf{r}}_i, -\end{align} -\begin{align} + \quad \frac{\partial L}{\partial \mathbf{r}_i} = \sum_{j=1}^N P_j \frac{\partial \Delta V_j}{\partial \mathbf{r}_i}. \end{align} @@ -174,11 +173,9 @@ down the volume differentials, \begin{align} \frac{\partial \Delta V_i}{\partial h_i} = -\frac{x_i}{y_i^2}\frac{\partial y_i}{\partial h_i}, - \label{eqn:sph:derivation:dvdh} -\end{align} -\begin{align} + \quad \nabla_i \Delta V_j = -\frac{x_i}{y_i^2} \nabla_i y_j. - \label{eqn:sph:derivation:nablav} + \label{eqn:sph:derivation:volumediffs} \end{align} The spatial differential is fairly straightforward and is given by \begin{align}